Hair waver



Dec. 25, 1928. 1,696,823

A. E. WALSH HAIR WAVER Filed May 10, 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Dec. 25,1928.

A. E. WALSH HAIR WAVER Filed y 10, 1924 S Sheets-Sheet 3 Lil PatentedDec. 25, 1928.

UNITED STATES 1,696,823 F [C E.

ARTHUR E. WALSH, OF CHICAGO; ILLINOIS.

HAIR WAVER.

Application filed May 10,

This invention relates to hair waver-s, and more particularly to devicesfor producing waves of the Marcel type.

The object of the invention is the provision of a generally improved andsimplified construction with a view to improving upon the means forholding the hair in the device and upon the manner of application to thehair to permit closer and more expeditious waving of the bases of thehair strands, also to ii'nproving upon the means for producing the waveand upon the means for operating the wave producing means.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is an isometric view of an embodimentof the invention;

Fig. 2 is a top plan View of the device partially in section and withthe operating means for the upper form andcomb or lateral Wave producingmeans removed;

Fig. 3 is a vertical section substantially on line 33 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4C is avertical transverse section through the device on line 4;4of Fig. 3, showing it arranged on the head and'the manner in which theintroductionof the hair adjacent the head within the area of the deviceis permitted; and Y i Fig. 5 is a front elevational view of the device.

The device comprises a lower former 1nemher or waving unit, indicatedgenerally at 5 and an upper former member or waving unit indicatedgenerally at 6 hinged together at 7 so that the device may be opened toreceive the strands of hair and closed to produce the desired wave, aswill hereinafter appear.

The lower former member or unit 5 com- )liSBS a back piece 8 to whichone leaf of the hinge 7 is suitably secured. The back 8 carries thelower former members 9, which, in the preferred form of the invention,arein the form of relatively thin, fiat, upright blades, which may be ofmetal and preferably have along their lower edges suitable strips ofinsulation '9' for protecting the head 90 against the heat of the devicewhen the blades are presented edgewise thereto, as shown in Fig. 4-. Theblades 9 are spaced apart and extend from the back 8 parallel with eachother. The lower former member carries a handle 10 secured 'to the back8 through the hinge leaf attached thereto.

The upper former member 6 comprises a gene ally recti'zugular frame tothe back 1924. Serial No. 712,193.

13 of which the upper leaf of the hinge 7 is secured. Fitting andsllda'bly mounted in the top of frame 12'is a metal sheet or plate"member 15 having its margins along opposite sides of frame'12 turneddown to form flanges 16. The flanges 16 provide proper bearing for themovement of member 15 within frame 12, and secured in said flanges 1,6are guide screws or pins 18. The pins 18 extend through vertical guideslots 20 in the side walls 21 of frame 12 and guide the. member 15 andparts carried thereby, as will hereinafter appear, vertically in theframe 12, said pins 18 being headed at their outer endsand beingpreferably in the form of screwsso that they may be readily inserted orremoved.

Secured to the under surface of member 15, as by welding, riveting orotherwise, is a former and heating plate 22, which plate 22 iscorrugated longitudinally of the frame 12 and may be of thin sheet metalor other suitable material.

The lower depression or trough forming walls of plate '22 are foldedcentrally and longitudinally and doubled back to provide parallel walls24 and '25 spaced apart to receive combs 26 having teeth 27 along theirlower edges. Combs 26 are ,slidably mounted between walls 24: anda-nclal'ternate combs have at their ends adjacent frame back or side 13inclined cam slots 28 through which pins 29 extend. The pins 29 arecarried by brackets 30 suitably attached'to the frame side or back 13and said pins 13 are thereby relatively stationary with respect to theframe 12. The opposite ends of the combs 26'alte'rnately between thecombs with which the pins 29 on back 13 cooperate have oppositelyinclined slots 32 through which pins 33, carried by similar brackets 34o-n the opposite wall of frame 12, extend.

The combs 26 having the slots 32, :have at their opposite ends pins 36which extend into slots 37 in the walls 24 and 25 of the plate 22. Theslots 37 are elongated to permit sliding movement of the combs carryingpins 36 to the left in Fig. '3, and "the slots into which pins 38 extendare similarly 'e.lon

gated to permit sliding novemen't of the combs ca said pins in the.ep-pss-ite d:

rection. Each comb 26 has in its upper edge two slots 4L0 into whichpins 42, carried by the adjacent walls 24 and of the plate 22, extendand limit the sliding motion of combs 26 in opposite directions.

Sliding movement or up and down reciprocation of plate 15 and the plate22 and combs 26 carried thereby is imparted by a handle 4L5 having afork 46 pivoted at its opposite ends at 4:8 to upstanding lugs or carson the sides of frame 12. Fork 116 has, adjacent pivots d8, arms whichare pivotally connected to linlrs 52 and said links 52 are pivotallyconnected at their opposite ends to plate 15 through bracket lugs 53.Consequently, assuming that the parts are in the position shown in Fig.1, swinging of handle 45 in a clockwise direction will force plate 1-5downwardly in frame 12 through a relatively great leverage provided bythe toggle connections with the handle. The downward movement of plate15 moves the corrugated former and heating plate 22 and the combs 26carried thereby downwardly with it with a simultaneous slidingmoven'ient of alternate combs 26 in opposite directions imparted by thecooperation of oppositely inclined cam slots 28 and 32 with pins 29 and33 respectively.

It should be noted that the end or edge of the corrugated plate 22adjacent back 13 and the opposite end or edge of said plate are ofundulating formation extending out to the right adjacent the combs 26,which move to the right in the waving operation and out to the leftadjacent the combs which move to the left.

I shall now describe the means for locking the blades in closed positionwith their upper edges in engagement with the lower edge of frame 12,asshown in 3. Each blade 9 has adjacent the upper edge of its free end asquare aperture 60. Slidably mounted upon the front wall of the frame 12is a latch bar 62. Latch bar 62 has apertures 68 and 64 elongated in thedirection of the sliding movement of the bar, and pins 65 and 66 securedto the frame 12 extend through said apertures and are headed and holdthe latch bar 62 on the frame and guide it in its sliding movement.

The bar 62 has depending latch fingers 68 with lateral dct-ents at theirlower ends, which detents engage in apertures and lock the blades 9 inclosed position. The latch bar 62 is normally held in looking positionby a spring 7 2 attached at one end to the pin and at its opposite endto the latch bar 62, and one end of the latch bar has a lug 7 3 turned.out at right angles thereto and forming a finger piece for releasing thebar against spring 7 2 to permit opening of blades 9.

It is to be understood that the corru ated heating and former plate 22is suitably "eated for the waving operation. ll hile this may be done inany suitable manner, it is preferably accomplished by means of asuitable heating resistance or other heating unit 76 arranged betweenthe top of plate 22 and plate 15. The comb carrying portions of plate 22need not extend entirely to plate 15, but the attachment to the plate 15may be solely at the side so that a. common heating unit for all of thecurved wave forming portions of the heating plate may be employed.

Assuming the device is in the closed position of Figs. 8 and 5, theoperation is as follows:

The blades 9 are opened by releasing the lat-ch bar 62 and swinging themdownwardly from the frame 12 about hinge 7. The blades 9 are thenarranged through the hair adjacent the head, as shown in Fig. 4, orwhere the strands of hair are being waved at a distance outwardly fromthe head, the blades are arranged beneath said strands, and the hair isarranged over the upper edges of the blades 9. The free ends of blades 9are preferably tapered and rounded, as shown at 75, to facilitateinsertion endwise through the hair in the manner shown in Fig. 4.

It is preferable in waving the hair to work from the scalp outward andit should be noted that the device provided is admirably adapted fordoing this. The blades 9, in stead of presenting a solid or continuousmember over the entire waving area, present relatively thin blades withrelatively large openings between them within the waving area so thatthe blades may be arranged to lie edgewise and very closely to the headand thestrands of hair, instead of necessarily extending wholly from oneend. or nun-gin of .the device between the former members, may bearranged up through any of the openings within the waving area. and overthe upper or crest edges of blades 9 to be waved in the waving operationof the device. Where a continuous or solid waving member is presented tothe head, it must be arranged endwise with respect to the head toapproach the roots or basesof the hair strands and with sucharrrangement only a few strands can be waved at a. time. For flatwisedisposition, they have had to be arranged some distance from the hair,with the result that the ends of the strands of hair adjacent the headare not waved.

With the strands of hair arranged over the blades 9, the frame 12 isswung downwardly to its closed position. As the device is closed, theteeth 27 of combs 26 are brought into cooperation with the strands ofhair and the depending trough forming corrugations of plate 22 arenested between blades 9. Simultaneously with the approach of the troughforming corrugations of plate 22 to their final nest-ed positions, the.successive combs 26 are shifted rectilineally in opposite directions bythemeans previously described. The clampingaction-u-penthestrands ofhair between blades 9* and plate 22 ispreferably not complete when theshifting-- of the combs ocours, but it is sufficient toprevent lateralslipping of'the-crests of'the hair strands, the engagement of the teeth27 of the combs 26 in the troughs of the hair strands shifting saidtroughs alternately in opposite directions and laterally with respect tothe waves shown in Fig. 4. This produces the lateral waves in the hair,the nesting of the upper and lower former members producing the waves atsubstantially right angles to said first waves and thereby'the compoundor Marcel waving,as wellunderstood in the art. As thecombs 26reachthelimits of their shiftingmovement in opposite directions, theupper and l-fower former members are brought into completeclamping-engagement with the strands of hair and hold said strandsfirmly in place until the desired wave is, set.

After the desired wave is produced, the latch bar 62 is released and thedevice is opened and again applied to the unwaved portions ofthe'hai'rand this is repeated until the-desired extent of waving is secured. Theundulating edgesof plate 22 obviously provide upper-former areas alongthe strandsof hairthat are laterallygshifted by the combs 26. The toggleconnections through links 52 are adapted to straighten; as plate 22 isdepressed to wavingpositi-on, tolie at substantiall'y'180 andtherebylock-the device closed.

The blades 9, in additionto-providing for the improved'entry of thehair, space the heater fromthe head sothat only relatively cool bladeedges lie adjacent the head when the device is presentedthereto. in themanner shown. in Figure 4.

The upper edges ofblades. 9 arepreferably relatively sharp, as shown inFigure 4., and the trough forming corrugationsof plate 22 are preferablyrelatively wide to draw the strands of hair sharply over the upper edgesof the blades and press them firmly against the sides of the blades.This produces a lasting wave having a sharp crest.

I claim:

1. In a. device of the class described, the combination of a pluralityof spaced blades adapted to lie edgewise to a persons head with thespaces between the blades opening toward the head and a waving membercooperable with the opposite edges of said blades for waving the strandsof hair thereover, said blades being of sufficient width to cooperatewith the waving member at one edge and to extend at their opposite edgesfrom the waving member for presentation to the head and spacing thewaving member therefrom.

2. In a device of the class described, the combination of a. pluralityof spaced blades adapted: to lie edgewisc toa persons head with thespaces between the blades opening towardthe head, a waving membercooperable with the opposite edges of said blades forwaving the strandsof hair there over, and means on said waving member for engaging thestrands of' hair alternatelybetween the blades and for lateral shiftingmovement relative to the strands of hair.

3. In a device of the class described, thecombina-ti'on of a pluralityof spaced blades adapted to lie-edgewise toa persons head wit-hthespacesbetween the blades opening toward the head,a' waving membercooperable with the opposite edges of said blades for waving the strandsof hair thereover, combmembers on said waving member for engaging thestrands of hair between the blades and for lateral shifting movementrelative to the strands of hair, and means for shifting said and-meansfor moving said comb members alternately in opposite directionssimultaneously with the relative movement betweensaid first and secondwaving units.

5. In-combination, an open frame, a, plurality of blades adapted fordispositionacross the open area of said frame and hingedly connectedtherewith, latch means for locking the bladesand frame together, wavingmeans rections with; the depression, of said waving means for producinglateral waving of the strands of hair.

6., In combination, an open frame, a waving'unit having a back hinged tosaid frame and a plurality of spaced blades projecting therefrom, acorrugated plate shiftable in said frame into and out of cooperationwith said blades, a plurality of comb members slidably mounted in saidcorrugated plate, and means on the frame for causing lateral movement ofsaid comb members alternately in opposite directions with the movementof the corrugated plate.

7. In combination, an open frame, a waving unit hinged to said frame andhaving a plurality of spaced blades projecting therefrom, a corrugatedplate shiftable in said frame into and out of cooperation with saidblades, a plurality of comb members slidably mounted in said corrugatedplate, means on the frame for causing lateral movement of said combmembers alternately in opposite directions with the movement of thecorrugated plate, a second plate overlying the corrugated waving plateand attached thereto, and an operating handle connected with said secondplate for shifting the corrugated waving plate into and out ofcooperation with the blades.

8. In combination, an open frame, a waving unit having a back hinged tosaid frame and a plurality of spaced blades projecting therefrom, acorrugated plate shiftable in said frame into and out of cooperationwith said blades, and a plurality of comb members slidably mounted onsaid corrugated plate.

9. In combination, a frame, a corrugated waving plate slidably mountedtherein, said plate being folded to receive a comb member, a comb membershiftably mounted in the fold, means on the frame for shifting the combmember laterally with the movement of the waving plate in the frame andwaving means cooperating with said plate.

10. In combination, a frame, a corrugated waving plate slidably mountedtherein, said plate being folded to receive a comb member, a comb membershiftably mounted in the fold, means on the frame adjacent one end ofthe comb for shifting the comb laterally with the movement of the wavingplate in the frame, means between the waving plate and comb memberadjacent the opposite end of the comb for supporting and guiding sameand waving means cooperating with said plate.

11. In a device of the class described, an open frame, a plurality ofblades hinged to said frame and adapted to lie across the open areathereof, latch means for locking the frame and blades closed, acorrugated plate slidable in said frame and cooper-able with saidblades, said plate having comb receiving folds, combs slidable in saidfolds, a plate overlying said corrugated plate and attached thereto, ahandle pivoted to the frame and connected to actuate the waving plate,and means on the frame for shifting the comb comb receiving fold, and acomb member 6 slidably mounted in said fold and extending from thewaving side of said plate.

18. In a device of the class described, the combination of a pluralityof spaced blades,

waving means cooperable with the blades for waving the strands of hairover the blades and for holding the strands against lateral movementalong the blades, and comb means carried by said waving means andshiftable alternately in opposite directions to wave the hair strandslaterally.

14:. In a device of the class described, the combination with arelatively thin single walled sharp edged blade having outwardly openingspaces along each of its longitudinal edges, of means for drawing thestrands of hair over said edge and pressing them firmly against thesides of the blade.

15. In a device of the class described, the combination of a relativelythin solid single walled blade having outwardly opening spaces along itsopposite longitudinal edges, comb means, means other than said combmeans for drawing the strands of hair over the edge of said bladeandpressingthem firmly against the side of the blade.

16. A Marcel waver including a plurality of irons, a plurality of comblike devices cooperating therewith, means pivotally mounting the ironswith respect to the comb like devices, means mounting the said comb likedevices for bodily adjustment with respect to and in directionslengthwise of the irons, and means yieldingly locking the said irons andcomb like devices against a separating movement about the said pivot.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 'I'thday of May,1924.

ARTHUR E. l VALSI-I.

